The Use of Chatbots to Enhance Productive Skills in the EFL/ESL Classroom

Abstract

The integration of AI chatbots in English language education has become an innovative way to improve teaching and learning experiences in English classes. This research synthesis examines fifteen studies to analyze the effects and perceptions of using chatbots to develop language skills in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) and English as a Second Language (ESL) classrooms. The selected studies use qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methodologies, focusing on the mixed-method approach to capture teachers' and students’ experiences and opinions. These studies were conducted in EFL/ESL contexts and were published in peer-reviewed journals in the last decade, ensuring reliable data collection. The findings show that chatbots can significantly improve writing and speaking skills, as well as increase student engagement, motivation, confidence, and autonomy. Notwithstanding, some limitations were identified, such as students' overreliance on chatbots and a lack of teacher-student and peer interaction. The study suggests that the implementation and performance of chatbots need careful monitoring to prevent negative impacts on educational experiences.