Prevalencia de asma y su relación con la contaminación del medio externo en los niños y niñas de 2 a 5 años en los centros de desarrollo infantil privados de la ciudad de Cuenca. 2012

Abstract

Objective: To determine the prevalence of asthma and its relationship to the external environment pollution in children 2 to 5 years in private child development centers, Cuenca 2012.

Methodology: The following is a cross-sectional descriptive study, which included 545 students in pre - school age who attend private child development centers in the city of Cuenca in Azuay province, the inclusion is performed by simple sampling. For the diagnosis of bronchial asthma the ISAAC survey was used. The prevalence ratio with 95 % and Chi square were used to demonstrate association between asthma and exposure to External contaminants.

Results: The prevalence of asthma was 12.3 % and no significant association with variables such as family history. No association with exposure variables to factors external contamination was found in this study.

Conclusions: The prevalence of asthma is 12.3 % in the private child development centers in the city basin, are at increased risk of bronchial asthma those with a family history of this disease, no association between asthma and exposure outside contaminants in this study.

KEYWORDS: PREVALENCE, BRONCHIAL ASTHMA, POLLUTION OF THE EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT.