Influencia de la resolución topográfica en los resultados de un modelo hidrodinámico unidimensional y su efecto en la construcción de mapas de inundación en ríos de montaña – sector Coliseo Jefferson Pérez

Abstract

Flood maps are vital for community safety. By enhancing hydrodynamic models with high- resolution topographic data, disasters can be predicted more accurately. This study aims to investigate the influence of topographic resolution on the accuracy of one-dimensional hydrodynamic models and its impact on the creation of flood maps in mountain rivers. A quantitative methodology was employed to evaluate three types of topographic surveys: Total Station, Drone, and SIGTIERRAS in a specific section of the Tomebamba River (Jefferson Pérez Coliseum area). Three surfaces were generated using the same planimetric configuration, varying only the elevation component. Using the Total Station survey data as the benchmark, the vertical accuracy of each surface was assessed. The main metric used to evaluate this accuracy is the Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) coefficient. The results indicate that the Drone model, with a resolution of 2.23 cm/pixel, offers higher accuracy and correlation, especially in representing topographic elevations and flood areas, both in straight sections and curved alignments. In contrast, the SIGTIERRAS model, with a resolution of 3m/pixel, exhibited larger errors and lower correlation, highlighting the limitations of low-resolution data. These findings underscore the importance of using high-resolution topographic data to improve the accuracy of hydraulic simulations.