Prevalencia de lesiones deportivas y sus factores de riesgo asociados en futbolistas de 16 a 18 años en diferentes escuelas de fútbol de la ciudad de Cuenca

Abstract

The lack of knowledge about the prevalence of injuries and risk factors (RF) is one of the main problems in football soccer schools in the city of Cuenca. The main objective of this research is to analyze the prevalence of injuries and their R.F. in four football soccer schools in Cuenca. The study has a retrospective observational design and the sample is composed of 92 soccer players from 16 to 18 years old belonging to a soccer school in the city. To measure the prevalence of injuries and risk factors, the questionnaires “Injury and Illness Surveillance Daily Report Form” and “LEFUTCOL” were used respectively. Linear regression techniques and bivariate models were used to analyze the relationship between injury prevalence and its risk factors. The results revealed that the areas most frequently affected by injuries are the knee, ankle and thigh, with the most common types of injuries being tears, sprains and fractures. In addition, statistically significant risk factors were identified (p<0.05) which are: changing footwear according to the playing surface (p=0.002), performing complementary recovery work (p=0.036) and performing complementary proprioception work (p=0.0005). These variables stand out as the most influential risk factors in the injuries of soccer players in the city of Cuenca.