Percepciones de docentes de básica Media sobre el desarrollo del pensamiento crítico en el proceso de aprendizaje de los estudiantes

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the perceptions of elementary and middle school teachers on the development of critical thinking in student learning. It was conducted under a qualitative approach with a phenomenological design. The study was carried out during the period 2023-2024 with the participation of 9 teachers from two private educational institutions in the city of Cuenca. The data collection techniques were, on the one hand, the semi-structured interview for which a questionnaire of questions was used as an instrument. On the other hand, the documentary review technique was used in which an analysis of the participants' plans was carried out. The main findings of the research are that most teachers conceive critical thinking as a necessary skill to be developed in order to adapt to the real world. Regarding practice, teachers do not work from a constructivist approach and apply the Learning Cycle methodology, they also rely on ICT and the implementation of interdisciplinary projects to promote critical thinking in the classroom.