Evaluación de resistencia a la interacción entre Meloidogyne incognita y Fusarium oxysporum en una población segregante de la cruza entre Solanum quitoense y Solanum lasiocarpum

Abstract

The cultivation of naranjilla (Solanum quitoense Lam.) represents one of the most important economic activities for a large number of communities in Ecuador. This crop is limited mainly by the affection of certain pathogens such as the nematodes Meloidogyne incognita together with the fungus Fusarium oxysporum, which are responsible for the deterioration in the development of the plants already established in the field. For this reason, the following study aims to evaluate a population of segregants of the cross between S. quitoense and the wild species S. lasiocarpum reported as resistant to the interaction between M. incognita and F. oxysporum, to determine the level of damage and to evaluate microsatellite molecular markers and RGAs. This research was carried out in two stages: a greenhouse stage in which the segregants infected with pathogens were evaluated after 90 days, where damage was analyzed at the morphological level; and a stage in the Biotechnology laboratory of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, in which different combinations of primers associated with resistance in other solanaceae were tested. The first phase involved inoculations in 12 populations (10 segregants, S. quitoense and S. lasiocarpum). A completely randomized design (CRD) was used in a 4x12 factorial arrangement, with four replications. The second phase was carried out in the laboratory where SSR and RGA molecular markers associated with resistance were analyzed for both the parents and the 10 segregating populations resulting from the cross between S. quitoense and S. lasiocarpum. According to the results obtained, it was observed that certain segregants and the parental S. lasiocarpum obtained the best results, since they showed significant differences compared to S. quitoense, the latter being susceptible compared to the other populations. As for molecular analysis, no amplifications were observed with the primers used for PCR