Niveles de hemoglobina y hematocrito pre y post quirúrgicos, en pacientes transfundidos en cirugías electivas y de emergencia. Hospitales Vicente Corral Moscoso y José Carrasco Arteaga. Cuenca, 2021

Abstract

Background: A numerical laboratory value cannot serve as an absolute guide to the need for transfusion, without taking into account the clinical context or other patient variables, such as ASA, surgical risk, comorbidities, and type of surgery. (1) Objective: To determine pre and post surgical Hemoglobin and Hematocrit levels in transfused patients in elective and emergency surgery. Methods: Longitudinal descriptive study. The sample was collected in patients older than 19 years transfused in elective and emergency surgery, confidence level 95%, estimated factor proportion 9.3%, margin of error 5%, total 143 patients. Student's t test was performed to determine the difference between both groups. The data was processed using the SPSS V.25 program through absolute and relative frequencies, for qualitative and quantitative variables. Results: The mean age was 43.34 ± 21.20 years with 60.1% with 59.4% prevalence of males. 69.9% of patients had normal BMI and were ASA II, III and IV in a similar percentage (30.8%, 32.9%, 34.3%) respectively. The most prevalent comorbidities were Acute Anemia (40.6%) and Arterial Hypertension (11.9%). 106 emergency surgeries were performed, with high risk (79%) and 76.9% had a history of major surgery. Conclusions: A variation in the levels of Hb and Hct was demonstrated when comparing with variables such as acute anemia, major and minor surgery, surgical risk in both elective and emergency surgery, with a value of p<0.005.