Frecuencia de bacterias patógenas en infecciones de tracto respiratorio en pacientes del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso 2017 - 2019

Abstract

Background: Respiratory infections caused by pathogenic bacteria are a very common health problem and, according to the World Health Organization, this are one of the leading causes of morbidity in developing countries. The origin of respiratory infections emerges from an imbalance of the normal microbiota or from the invasion of pathogenic bacteria in the mucous membranes that line the respiratory tract. Some of the most common microorganisms responsible for infections in the respiratory tract are Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Objective: to determine the frequency of pathogenic bacteria in respiratory tract infections in patients at the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital 2017 - 2019. Methodology: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out. The variables proposed in this study were analyzed using simple and crossed tables to obtain information on the frequency of the type of condition or bacterial agent, age, sex and hospitalization area. The SPSS and Microsoft Excel programs were used for data tabulation and graphing. Results: the positive cultures of pathogenic bacteria during the years 2017-2019 gave a total of 739 cases, 219 (29,6%) were Klebsiella pneumoniae, 135 (18,3%) Pseudomona aeruginosa, 123 (16,6%) Streptococcus pyogenes, 111 (15%) Staphylococcus aureus, 51 (6,9%) Serratia marcescens, 43 (5,8%) Acinetobacter baumannii/calcoaceticus complex, 27 (3,7%) Streptococcus pneumoniae, 24 (3,2 %) Acinetobacter baumannii and 6 (0,8%) for Moraxella catarrhalis. There was a higher number of cases of lower respiratory tract infection 70,6%, predominantly male with a 41,1%. Conclusions: Klebsiella pneumoniae is the most frequent pathogenic bacterium in our environment and it is considered the main cause of pneumonia.