Factores de riesgo para el ingreso hospitalario de pacientes con diabetes mellitus 2 en el Hospital General de Macas, 2021

Abstract

Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disease associated with high glucose levels and high costs for the health system, patient and environment. Diabetic patients are most often treated in primary care, however, due to the evolution, severity and complications of the disease, admission to the hospital area is necessary.

Objective: To determine the risk factors for hospital admission of patients with Diabetes Mellitus 2 at the General Hospital of Macas in the year 2021.

Methodology: A quantitative study was carried out with a descriptive cross-sectional design made up of 66 patients who entered the Internal Medicine area of the General Hospital of Macas in 2021. For data collection, the interview and review of the clinical history were used to the subsequent analysis in the SPSS 21.0 program and were represented in tables of frequencies and percentages.

Results: The predominant age between 35 - 64 years was evidenced with a greater participation of women, married marital status, level of primary education, indigenous ethnicity, place of rural residence, job vacancy, disease time greater than 5 years, a greater number presented dyslipidemia, overweight, poor glycemic control, renal complications, physical inactivity, insulin therapy and non-adherence to treatment, medical check-ups every 6 months, hospital admissions less than 2 times, perception of moderate illness, mostly if he received health education and family support. Marital status and glycemic control present a significant relationship for hospital admission.