Apoyo sociofamiliar y funcionalidad del adulto mayor, una revisión sistemática

Abstract

Background: A fundamental pillar in the health of the elderly is its functionality, where socio-family support plays an important role. Objective: To determine the association between socio-family support and the functionality of the elderly. Methodology: Systematic review of 18 studies based on specific domains and STROBE criteria, from 2015 to 2020 in English and Spanish, whose databases were Pubmed, Scopus and Science Direct, using MesH terms and Boolean operators. The highlighted information was synthesized in personalized tables. Results: Prevalence of socio-family support between 17.8% and 97.14%, identifying 4 types: social support, social participation, family support and socio family support. Functionality was described as basic activities of daily living (BADL) and instrumental activities (IADL), finding high prevalences of BADL and IADL 86.6% and 86.3% respectively, and low prevalences of 4.27% and 10.3 %. Socio-family support and functionality had a significant association in most studies, identifying in 4 studies that the lack of socio-family support is a risk factor for functional deterioration with an OR greater than one and a 95% CI. Conclusions: There is a significant relationship between socio-family support and the functionality of the elderly, its absence is a risk factor for functional deterioration. Limitations: The methodological heterogeneity of the studies found, the lack of statistical data and accessibility to information by economic items.