La formación del ciudadano a través del análisis de los textos de educación para la ciudadanía de primero y segundo de bachillerato

Abstract

The educational system is guided through the Ecuadorian National Curriculum of 2016, which contains all the objectives that are expected to be achieved in the subjects of the different areas. In the case of the area of Social Sciences in the discipline of Citizenship Education established in first and second year of the Unified General Baccalaureate, a series of objectives are presented, oriented to develop the cognitive abilities of students based on the teaching of coexistence issues, rights, democracy, the State, among others. The objectives are intended to be achieved through the teaching-learning process and through the use of the Citizenship Education text. Faced with this, the question arises on how the citizen is formed through the school texts for Citizenship Education? To solve this mystery, a bibliographic and analytical methodology was used based on the revision of the texts of the aforementioned subject. The contents were analyzed taking into account certain categories such as: the type of explanatory, descriptive and narrative discourse, the sorts of conceptual, attitudinal and procedural content and finally the types of abilities that are intended to be developed through the skills with performance criteria. The results obtained through the qualitative analysis of the content, allows us to evidence that most of the texts of Citizenship Education are constituted by an explanatory discourse and conceptual content, from this perspective it is inferred that the text is an instrument which aims to achieve meaningful learning and develop critical thinking, resulting in a citizen capable of thinking, analyzing, reflecting and arguing about situations, facts that are presented in context