Inserción laboral desde la perspectiva socioeconómica en los graduados de las carreras de Economía, Administración de Empresas y Contabilidad de la Universidad de Cuenca y de la Universidad del Azuay, periodo 2015-2018

Abstract

Education as an investment according to the theory of human capital is a primary factor to generate a positive return, which allows the individual to have better chances of getting a job compared to other individuals who lack such factors. However, the time it takes for graduates to get their first job varies according to some determinants. The objective of this work is to analyze the labor insertion from the socioeconomic perspective in the graduates of the Economics, Business Administration and Accounting degrees of the University of Cuenca and the University of Azuay, period 2015-2018. To do this, firstly, the time it took for graduates of the careers under study to enter the labor market is studied; Then it is analyzed what are the determinants of the time it took the professional to get his first job; finally, it is identified if the salary received by graduates meets their salary expectation. Nonparametric, semi-parametric estimates and the application of the Heckman model were used. For this purpose, information was collected regarding aspects of education, work and others through a survey that was applied to 272 graduates from the universities studied. The results show that graduates from the Universidad del Azuay take fewer months to enter the labor market compared to graduates from the University of Cuenca. The factors that influence the time it takes the graduate to get his first job are: grade with which he graduated from college, and contacts. Finally, it is verified that there is a difference between the salary received and the salary expectation of graduates