Perfil epidemiológico del paciente con cardiopatía congénita ingresado en la unidad de neonatología del Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga. Diciembre 2015 – diciembre 2018

Abstract

Background Information: Congenital heart disease accounts for a third of congenital malformations; 50% may have symptoms from birth. However, in developing countries, late diagnosis increases morbidity and mortality. Objective: To determine the patient’s epidemiological profile with congenital heart disease admitted to the neonatology unit of the “José Carrasco Arteaga” Hospital, from December 2015 to December 2018. Methodology: The following is a descriptive study. The information was collected by digital medical record. For this research, 207 medical records of newborn patients with congenital heart disease, who were admitted to the neonatology unit (2015 – 2018), were selected as the universe. The sociodemographic information, clinical information and diagnostic information were analyzed with an analytical descriptive approach. Results: 207 neonatal cardiac patients, predominantly made, were found; with a ratio of 1.5:1. Congenital heart disease was more frequently observed in premature infants (56%) and low birth weight (57%). Breathing difficulty, cyanosis and heart murmur were found in more than two thirds of the studied cases. Acyanotic heart disease predominated, where patent ductus arteriosus and atrioventricular septal defect were prominent. 73,4% of the cases presented received pharmacological treatment and 19,8% died. Conclusions: Congenital acyanotic heart disease occurs more frequently, among which patent ductus arteriosus, atrial septal defect and ventricular septal defect stand out. Mortality is high.