Factores de riesgo de gingivitis en el embarazo en gestantes que acuden a la Clínica Humanitaria de atención materno-infantil

Abstract

Introduction: The pregnant woman is susceptible to have a gum disease product of systemic alterations during pregnancy and the presence of risk factors that facilitate the establishment of Gingivitis. Therefore is important to know which are the predisposing factors in the oral cavity to facilitate the emergence of the disease and prevent it. There are some risks factors as overweight, hypertension, frequency of oral hygiene, removable appliances or fixed prosthetic or orthodontic type in the oral cavity are facilitating the accumulation of plaque, visit the dentist, tooth position, habit of smoking. Methods: The study was done on 60 pregnant women, 30 of them with located Gingivitis and 30 with Generalized gingivitis. The information was collected in a form using the intraoral examination and oral questions. After crossing variables and Chi2 application it was made. Results: 3.3% of cases and 16.6% of controls are underweight, 13.3% of cases are obese, and only 3.3% are overweight. 3.3% of cases had hypertension. These values are not statistically significant. No severe inflammation was found in controls, while in 40% of cases was present. 58.3% of patients decreased the hygienic´s frequency for nausea causing by toothbrushing. Conclusions: Gingivitis in pregnant women is caused by the accumulation of plaque in the gingiva, product of the poor hygiene. No relationship between obesity and hypertension was found with Gingivitis