Frecuencia de anemia ferropénica y factores de riesgo asociados en niños que acuden a consulta externa en la Fundación Pablo Jaramillo Cuenca-Ecuador 2014

Abstract

General Objective: To determine the frequency of iron deficiency anemia and the possible risk factors associated in children who come to the External consultation at Pablo Jaramillo Foundation. Method: Descriptive cross-sectional study, using a sample of 660 children (boys and girls) who came to the Pablo Jaramillo Foundation in a period of 6 months in the year 2014; demographic and blood factors were analyzed to diagnostic anemia; in addition to the search of factors associated with this pathology like eating history and habits. The data was analyzed in the SPSS program obtaining measures such as: frequency and percentage, average and standard deviation and for the association chi square, reason of prevalence and value of p, with 95% of trust. Results: The prevalence of anemia was at 26%. Nutritional status: high weight 8,9%; low weight 5,9%; malnutrition 3,3% and obesity 4,7%; socio-economic level A 3,8%; breast feeding time less than 6 months 52,2%; starting on cow´s milk before the 12th month 98,9%; age of weaning before the 6th month 2,4%; complementary feeding before the 6th month 51,7%; inadequate complementary feeding 32,7%; integration into the family’s diet before the 12th month 43,9% and improper eating habits 21,8%. The improper complementary eating increases the risk of anemia in RP 1,3 (IC 95% 1-1,8) times and the improper eating habits in RP 1,8 (IC 95% 1,4-2,4). Conclusion: The frequency of anemia in our population is associated with dietary factors that are controllable to some extent.