Producción y modelamiento de bioetanol obtenido a partir de los residuos de cacao mediante hidrólisis enzimática y fermentación anaerobia

Abstract

The objective of this study was to obtain bioethanol from cocoa husk using enzymatic hydrolysis with two types of enzymes and alcoholic fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Additionally, a kinetic modeling of bioethanol production was conducted using the Modified Gompertz model in Matlab. A two-factor experimental design was implemented, with cellulase concentration (Cellulase from Trichoderma reesei-Celluclast) at three levels (0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 ml/g) and hemicellulase concentration (Hemicellulase from Aspergillus niger H2125) at two levels (0.1 g/g and 0.3 g/g). A two-factor ANOVA was performed to analyze the data. The results indicated that the optimal concentration for sugar production was 0.3 ml/g of cellulase and 0.3 g/g of hemicellulase, although no significant difference was observed between the use of 0.1 and 0.3 ml/g of cellulase. Additionally, using 0.3 g/g of hemicellulase reduced the hydrolysis time to 24 hours. The final ethanol concentration obtained was 90.59 grams of bioethanol per kilogram of dry biomass. Finally, the kinetic modeling in Matlab showed a similarity between the experimental data and the model, which revealed that fermentation was completed at approximately 12 hours.