Prevalencia de amenaza de parto pretérmino y su relación con los factores de riesgo asociados en el Hospital Regional Isidro Ayora de la ciudad de Loja, periodo 2021

Abstract

Background: The risk of preterm birth in the population is between 6% and 10%. According to the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), Ecuador is among the 11 countries with the lowest rates of preterm birth at 5.1%. Objective: Determine the prevalence of threatened preterm birth and associated risk factors in the Isidro Ayora Regional Hospital in the city of Loja, period 2021. Methods: A retrospective analytical study was carried out with a sample of 130 pregnant women admitted to the gynecology and obstetrics area of the Isidro Ayora Hospital in the city of Loja during the period 2021. Data were collected by means of a form and processed using the IBM SPSS 20 and Microsoft Excel 2010 computer system. Results: The average age was 24.94 years. The 47.7% were single and 63.9% had high school education. The prevalence of threatened preterm labor was 29.7%, with 67.39% of cases occurring between 32 and 36.6 weeks of gestation. It was significantly associated with premature rupture of membranes (p 0.028, OR: 2.212, 95% CI: 1.081-4.528), bacterial vaginosis (p 0.020, OR: 0.247, 95% CI: 0.070-0.867) and insufficient prenatal controls (p 0.001, OR: 0.308, 95% CI: 0.148-0.641). The most prevalent risk factors were urinary infections at 60.9% and multiple pregnancies at 32.6%. Conclusion: The prevalence of threatened preterm labor was high and was closely related to premature rupture of membranes, bacterial vaginosis and insufficient prenatal controls.