Modelación estática no lineal en paredes de mampostería confinada con cargas sísmicas

Abstract

In this thesis, the structural behavior of confined masonry (CM) walls under lateral loads is analyzed, specifically considering the impact of door and window openings. Using numerical simulations with the programs STKO and OpenSees, the load capacity and deformation distribution in CM walls are evaluated. The study confirms that the presence of openings significantly reduces the stiffness and lateral resistance of the walls, with this effect being more pronounced for larger openings and critical positions. The damage distribution varies according to the location and size of the openings, with concentrations of damage around large openings and Representative Volume Elements (RVE). A precise modeling of the mechanical properties of the masonry was achieved, validating the obtained results with previous experimental studies. It is recommended to develop numerical models that accurately represent the ultimate failure mode and deformations of confined masonry, using STKO to capture the complex interactions and nonlinear behavior. Future studies should focus on the macro modeling of confined masonry elements, investigating the interaction between columns and walls under lateral loads to improve the accuracy of structural predictions and optimize the seismic-resistant design of these structures.