Detección e identificación molecular del virus del papiloma bovino en lesiones de la glándula mamaria en vacas lecheras de la parroquia Jima, cantón Sígsig

Abstract

Bovine papillomatosis is an infectious-contagious disease caused by different types of BPV (bovine papillomavirus); it is characterized by neoplastic growth in squamous and mucosal epithelia. In the present study, the identification and typing of bovine papillomavirus in the mammary gland of cows from Jima parish was carried out by molecular biology techniques (PCR-RFLP). A survey of 99 farmers was used to identify 65 affected farms (n=117 suspect animals). In addition, information on farm management was collected: being the washing (OD 0.153, p=0.0004) and teat sealing (OD 0.564, p=0.0047), protective factors; while the type of milking (OD 2.5, p=0.0025) and presence of ferns in pasture (OD 3.6, p= p<0.001), are risk factors. Once the affected farms and animals were identified, 60 samples (n=54 farms) of suggestive lesions in udder and teat, with different morphology, were collected. Of the samples collected, 48 were positive for Bovine Papilloma Virus, distributed in eleven communities of Jima parish. After re-amplifying of viable samples (n=10), the RFLP assay was performed, identifying the BPV-6 (n=2 in the form of cauliflower) and BPV-20 types (n=20 in peduncular and filamentous warts), as well as co-infection of BPV-6 and BPV-20 (n=1 in mixed lesions). Georeferencing around the parish revealed the distribution of affected farms. With these molecular techniques it is possible to develop prophylactic and therapeutic tools to combat the different types of BPV that affect mammary tissue in dairy herds in Ecuador