Evaluación del impacto de la carga lenta de vehículos eléctricos en la calidad de energía en un tramo de red de distribución de bajo voltaje

Abstract

This thesis project aims to evaluate the impact of slow charging of electric vehicles (EVs) on the power quality of a low voltage distribution network. With the growing adoption of EVs as a solution to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, it is crucial to understand how this new energy demand affects the existing electrical infrastructure. The study focuses on analyzing potential problems related to product quality in low voltage networks. The analysis is conducted through modeling and simulation using tools such as Python and OpenDSS. Two EV models, the BYD T3 and the Kia Soul, are selected, and specific charging profiles for each are developed using the Monte Carlo method. Different levels of EV penetration in the network (5%, 10%, and 15%) are examined to evaluate how these integration levels impact transformer demand, voltage levels, flicker, and voltage imbalance. The results show that as EV penetration increases, these indicators worsen. This study provides insight into the impacts that slow EV charging can have on low voltage distribution networks. It contributes to the understanding of the challenges and opportunities presented by the mass adoption of EVs, providing a solid foundation for future research and the development of policies for EV integration into electrical networks. In this way, it supports the transition to more sustainable mobility and the effective reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.