Análisis de la participación de las mujeres en el arbitraje de fútbol profesional del Ecuador en la provincia del Azuay en el año 2023

Abstract

The main objective of this research is to characterize the participation of women in professional soccer refereeing in Ecuador, in the province of Azuay, in the year 2023, for which categories such as gender, stereotypes and discrimination were addressed. Methodologically, a case study was carried out. The scope was descriptive and the approach was mixed, that is, quantitative and qualitative methodology was combined. A survey was applied with the purpose of identifying the sociodemographic aspects of the women who belong to the Association of Soccer Referees of Azuay (A.A.F.A). Also, interviews with the purpose of determining the conditions that hinder the access, permanence and progress of women in the professional field of arbitration. To process the information, we proceeded to work with the computer software SPSS and Atlas Ti. The main results indicated that the participation of women in arbitration is low. In the province of Azuay there are 7 women of the 42 referees belonging to the (AAFA) and they represent 17%. It was observed that all women have witnessed or experienced gender violence, contrasting with male referees, where 50% have been affected by some type of violence. These findings highlight worrying patterns of gender discrimination in the field of arbitration. It is concluded, in this way, that arbitration still carries strong traits of machismo anchored to gender stereotypes where categories such as discrimination and exclusion are predominant in women.