Obtención de biopolímero de quitosano con nanopartículas de óxido de zinc, mediante el método de electrohilado normal y coaxial, con propiedades antifúngicas

Abstract

This investigation was grounded in the synthesis of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles; the antifungal action of nanoparticles action presents an alternative to counter the threat posed by Fusarium spp. fungus commonly located in banana crops. These nanoparticles were synthesized through the solvothermal method, a process that was carried out in a Teflon reactor at a temperature range between 150-250°C for 21 hours in the oven, using ethanol and Zinc Nitrate Zn(NO3)2 as a solvent. The Zinc Oxide nanoparticles (NPs-ZnO) obtained with an approximate size of 46 nm were added in different concentrations to a dissolved chitosan matrix; to later, through the electrospinning technique, create normal and coaxial fibers with antifungal characteristics. The antifungal activity of the components of the nanoparticles and the chitosan matrix makes research in the antifungal field attractive and makes them suitable materials against several species of fungi, whose action was evidenced in inhibition tests in cultures of Fusarium spp fungi. carried out in CTS nanofibers with NPs-ZnO and CTS-coaxial nanofibers with NPs-ZnO, obtained by the electrospinning method, where an inhibitory effect on the fungus of 56% and 54% respectively was demonstrated at the end of the 21 days of analysis. established. The NPs-ZnO and nanofibers were characterized to determine the different physical and chemical properties inherent to the investigative study, including specialized analyzes such as: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).