Secuelas cardiovasculares del COVID 19. Revisión de la literatura

Abstract

Background: SARS-CoV-2 causing COVID-19 disease, appears at the end of 2019, its acute effects have been well studied and characterized, but its cardiovascular sequelae have not yet been comprehensively described, so the present review is performed. Aim: To determine the post-COVID 19 cardiovascular sequelae through a review of the literature. Methods: Methodological bibliographic review carried out through the medical search engine Pubmed, whose publication date corresponds to the period between 2020 and 2022, in Spanish and English language and the results were structured and summarized in a data matrix. Results: A total of 32 publications were analyzed, which found that cardiovascular sequelae are a common affectation of post COVID 19 syndrome, demonstrating cardiac abnormalities in MRI measurements and presenting elevated troponin levels in their samples. Sequelae include myocarditis, pericarditis, new-onset hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, heart failure, myocardial infarction, thromboembolism, post-COVID 19 tachycardia syndrome, ischemic stroke, arrhythmias, and syncope. Conclusions: The research indicates that post-COVID 19 cardiovascular sequelae may represent an essential clinical manifestation, and that the long-term effects of this infection will be a challenge for the future. This becomes representative as their chronicity may generate long-lasting consequences for patients and health systems with wide implications on the economy and life expectancy of the population