Diabetes tipo 2 y su relación con el desarrollo de COVID-19 severo. Revisión Bibliográfica

Abstract

Background: in Ecuador, by October 24, 2022, there were 1.01 million infected individuals and 35,908 deaths due to COVID-19. Despite the predominance of mild forms of the infection, severe cases occur mostly in individuals with comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes, the latter being the third leading cause of mortality in the country. Therefore, it is necessary to generate changes in the approach to this population group. Objective: to identify type 2 diabetes as a risk factor for acquiring severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methodology: through a search equation designed by the authors, studies with level of evidence Ia, Ib were identified from the Pubmed database. Results: 435 articles were obtained using the search equation together with the language and type of study filters. Thirty articles were eliminated due to inclusion and exclusion criteria and unavailable studies, 217 due to title, abstract and PICO question. A total of 188 were reviewed to select the studies with the best level of evidence, including 31 articles for the present literature review. Conclusion: diabetes should be considered as an independent risk factor for the development of severe COVID-19, according to the criteria defined in this study. Moreover, its associated factors predispose to the development of the severe form of the infection. The drugs used prior to the acquisition of COVID-19 determine the mortality risk of the diabetic patient