Riesgo de úlceras por presión en pacientes adultos mayores del Hogar Cristo Rey y Miguel León de la ciudad de Cuenca, 2022 - 2023

Abstract

Background: Pressure ulcers are an old problem that affects and has affected all people, without social distinction, during all historical periods, with particular repercussions in older adults, as the ageing process is a stage in which there is a greater risk of presenting this condition, making it difficult to reach an optimal level of health. Objective: To determine the risk of pressure ulcers in older adult patients at the Hogar Cristo Rey and Miguel León in the city of Cuenca, 2022-2023. Methods: A quantitative, descriptive observational study was carried out with a sample of 109 older adults from the Hogar Cristo Rey and Hogar Miguel León Geriatric Centres, selected by inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data collection instruments were the validated Braden and Waterlow scales, which were applied by means of a form. Tabulation was carried out using SPSS-28, Microsoft Excel 2019. Results: The level of risk in Hogar Miguel León and Hogar Cristo Rey according to the Braden scale, is No Risk (36.1%), Low Risk (36.1%), Moderate Risk (15.3%) and High Risk (12.5%). In the same way, in the Waterlow Scale, Risk (81.9%), High Risk (16.7%) and Very High Risk (1.4%) were obtained. Conclusions: According to the two scales applied, it was evidenced that in the geriatric centers studied, the risk is minimal, due to the different specific care provided by the personnel who assist the elderly, however, there is still a minimum part of the population that have a potential risk, because it has not been possible to reduce certain risk factors that directly affect their health.