Propuesta de una técnica de control con enfoque híbrido para la gestión de energía y reducción de las fluctuaciones de potencia en un sistema de generación fotovoltaico

Abstract

The global growth in electrical consumption faces two main problems: the depletion of non- renewable resources due to predominant fossil fuel generation and the high environmental

impact of greenhouse gas emissions. The proposed solution is to transition towards decentra- lized systems with renewable sources, such as photovoltaic and wind energy, integrated into

microgrids connected to the central system. However, the natural variability of these resources

affects frequency and voltage stability, necessitating a four-level hierarchical control: maintai- ning internal setpoints, adjusting voltages based on power, compensating for deviations, and

optimizing power flows. An approach developed in this work combines techniques like neural

networks and universal controllers to minimize stochastic impacts, optimizing energy manage- ment and photovoltaic panel performance. The results demonstrate effective battery integration

up to 59 % of the time, even in renewable resource scarcity, successfully mitigating voltage and frequency fluctuations within acceptable operational limits, even during faults, with variations of ±0.05Hz and ±7.16V respectively.