Deterioro cognitivo y ansiedad en adultos consumidores de sustancias psicotrópicas del Centro de Adicciones “CREIAD y Proyecto Esperanza” de la ciudad de Cuenca, periodo 2022-2023

Abstract

Around 274 million people used drugs in the last year globally, of whom more than 36 million suffer from emotional and cognitive disorders. To identify the association between cognitive impairment and anxiety in adult consumers of psychotropic substances at the addiction centers "CREIAD and Proyecto Esperanza" in the city of Cuenca, period 2022-2023. This is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional analytical design. The instruments "Hamilton Anxiety Scale" and "Folstein Minimental Test" were applied, and the IBM SPSS-28 program determined the association with the chi-square and the p-value, with a confidence index of 95%. A total of 120 users participated, the following prevailed: age 18-35 years, male sex, single marital status, level of secondary education, higher than the basic salary and a period of internment of less than two months. A higher consumption of depressant drugs (alcohol and marijuana was found in 60.8%). Mild cognitive impairment predominated from the Folstein Minimental Test (53.3%) and moderate anxiety (31.7%) from the Hamilton Anxiety Scale. An association between mild cognitive impairment and secondary education level was demonstrated (p=0.002). Finally, an association between cognitive impairment and anxiety was discovered (p=0.008). The most consumed drugs are alcohol, marijuana and cocaine, mild cognitive impairment prevailed, there is a moderate level of anxiety mostly, an association was found between mild cognitive impairment and level of education. In addition, there is evidence of a close relationship between cognitive impairment and anxiety