Prevalencia de betalactamasas en urocultivos de pacientes ambulatorios en el Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, período 2019 – 2022

Abstract

Introduction: In recent years, a significant increase in the prevalence of resistant uropathogens has been observed, with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing bacteria being one of the most important groups, due to their mechanism of hydrolyzing beta-lactam antibiotics. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of beta-lactamases in urine cultures of outpatients at the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital, period 2019 - 2022. Methods: The methodology is a quantitative research, with a cross-sectional, observational, descriptive-explanatory study. It was conducted at the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital, the study universe constitutes all the urine cultures of patients seen in the outpatient clinic in the period 2019 to 2022, with a total of 903 patients, the variables to be studied are: Age, sex, isolated microorganism, resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics, resistance to other antibiotics. The SPSS statistical package was used for data analysis. Results: the population was mainly female with 80.3 %. Among the main bacteria producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase in urine cultures from outpatients, Escherichia coli was identified as the most common bacterium in urine cultures with a total of 89.8%; however, only 21.0% reported positive for beta-lactamase, as well as 7.7% of Klebsiella oxytoca and 58.1% of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Conclusion: the prevalence and patterns of resistance and sensitivity of bacteria producing extended-spectrum betalactamases are comparable with both local and international epidemiology.