Prevalencia y factores asociados de dismenorrea en estudiantes del bachillerato matutino del Colegio César Dávila Andrade. 2022-2023

Abstract

Background: Dysmenorrhea is a highly prevalent gynecological condition in women of reproductive age, particularly in adolescents. Various sociodemographic, psychobiological, clinical, and reproductive factors have been associated with dysmenorrhea. Objective: To determine the prevalence and associated factors of dysmenorrhea in morning high school students of the César Dávila Andrade school. 2022-2023. Methods: Observational, crosssectional and analytical study, in adolescent students of the morning high school of the César Dávila Andrade school. General data, history, clinical, reproductive, academic and therapeutic characteristics related to dysmenorrhea were collected. Data were presented in descriptive tables. The inferential analysis was performed with the Pearson Chi Square test (X2), defining a value of p<0.05 as significant. Results: 156 adolescents with a mean age of 16 years were included. The prevalence of dysmenorrhea was 73.1%, with a moderate intensity in 35.9% of the cases. Concomitant symptoms were general malaise or fatigue (74.4%), headache (71.2%), and pain radiating to the back (46.2%). School absenteeism was observed in 41.7%. The factors associated with dysmenorrhea were a family history (55.8%; X2= 7.278; p=0.007), having greater stress during the menstrual cycle (47.2%; X2=6.599; p=0.010) and altered academic performance. (55.8%; X2=17.235; p=0.001). Conclusions: The prevalence of dysmenorrhea in morning high school students of the César Dávila Andrade school was high, associated with some reproductive and academic factors.