Composición florística, diversidad y abundancia de arvenses presentes en pasturas de las zonas ganaderas de la parroquia Nabón del cantón Nabón - Azuay

Abstract

To determine the floristic composition, diversity and abundance of weeds present in the pastures of the livestock areas, a study was conducted in different altitudinal gradients: floor 1 (2400-2700 m a.s.l.), floor 2 (2700-3000 m a.s.l.) and floor 3 (3000-3300 m a.s.l.). m). The area of each plot was 100 m2 and 15 plots were located in each altitudinal level, these plots were located along the parish of Nabón in the province of Azuay; the sampling procedure was descriptive in quantity and availability of weeds. The results were: 17 families and 27 species, where the families with the highest abundance were: Asteraceae 29 %, Iridaceae 16 %, Polygonaceae 14 %, while the species with the highest abundance were: Sisyrinchium angustifolium, Rumex crispus and Bidens pilosa. The permanova or adosin analysis showed that there was no significant difference between altitudinal levels (p= 0.052), but significant statistic was observed at the level of growth habit (arvense, forage) (p=0.001). On the other hand, the Shannon and Simpson indices showed a mean of 0.67 and 0.39, which is considered low diversity, and there was no significant difference in diversity between altitudinal levels. Studies on the diversity of weed species allow us to better understand the role of weeds in agroecosystems and thus to make more reasonable decisions when implementing control measures that are more appropriate for the environment.