Parentalidad en niños y adolescentes con discapacidad: análisis del cuestionario de estilo educativo percibido por progenitores

Abstract

Parentingstyles are behaviors that show the parent-child relationship.In this sense, when there is a child with a disability, parents need to adapt to this context and therefore adapt new behaviors and cognitions. The objective of this study was to identify theparental profile of caregivers of children and adolescents with disabilities in the city of Cuenca-Ecuador, through structural equations based on a construct analysis of the Educational Style questionnaire perceived by parents, EMBU-P of Castro et al. (1997). The study was carried out with 202 caregivers and the modelswere used: Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA),to determine if the parental behavior of children and adolescents with disabilities responds to the 4 styles defined by the EMBU-P.The results showed a parental profile composed of 7 dimensions with an acceptable internal consistency (α= .718) and adequate adjustment indices RMSEA = 0.037: SRMR = 0.06; CFI= 0.93; TLI= 0.92; PNFI= 0.64 and PGFI= 0.7. In addition, three parenting styles were identified: favoritism, emotional warmth,and overprotection, with adequate internal consistency (α=.718) and confirmatory indicators: RMSEA= 0.43; SRMR = 0.06, CFI = 0.91; TLI= 0.91; p= 0.0, PNFI= 0.69 and PGFI= 0.74.It is concluded that parental behavior in a context of disability in Cuenca-Ecuador is given by three parental styles that respond adequately to a restructuring of the EMBU-P and a conceptual adaptation towards the management of children or adolescents