Prevalencia de conductas sexuales de riesgo y su relación con el apego en adolescentes de la Unidad Educativa “Nelson Vicente Izquierdo Naula” durante el año lectivo 2021-2022

Abstract

Background: adolescence is a stage of constant psychological and biological changes that are generated by the beginning of sexual activity, leading to risky sexual practices that are based on different factors, including attachment style. Objective: to determine the prevalence of risky sexual behaviors and their relationship with attachment, in adolescents from the "Nelson Vicente Izquierdo Naula" Educational Unit, Biblián, school year 2021-2022. Methodology: quantitative, correlational and cross-sectional study. 150 adolescents participated. A survey was applied with sociodemographic variables, risky sexual behaviors and attachment. The statistical analysis was carried out with the SPSS 22 program, descriptive statistics were produced, in the association between risk behaviors, type of attachment and sex, the odds ratio (≤0.05) was reported. Results: the prevalence of risky sexual behaviors was 43.3% (95% CI 35.07 -51.59). 52.6% reported having had >2 sexual partners and 74% used some contraceptive method, 30.7% had sexual contact under the influence of alcohol and/or drugs. 86.9% of participants with insecure attachment were exposed to risky sexual behaviors (OR: 45.51; 95% CI: 16.26-111.06; p: 0.000); 66.7% of the men surveyed showed risky sexual behaviors (OR: 5.56; 95% CI 2.74-11.29; p value: 0.000). Conclusions: the prevalence of risk behaviors in the adolescents surveyed was high, and it was associated with insecure attachment and the male sex.