Evaluación del estado nutricional en pacientes que acudieron a un centro de hemodialisis de la ciudad de Guayaquil durante enero de 2017 a febrero de 2020

Abstract

Background: Malnutrition in chronic kidney patients is frequent, recent studies agree that quality of life decreases and morbidity increases. The evaluation of nutritional status analyzes the individual from biochemical, dietary, anthropometric and clinical aspects, in order to carry out timely nutritional intervention, minimizing the risk of malnutrition. Objective: To determine the evolution of the nutritional status in patients who attended a Guayaquil Hemodialysis Center from January 2017 to February 2020. Methods: Descriptive, correlational study, collected information recorded in 155 medical records of patients over 20 years of age with chronic kidney disease who attended the Guayaquil Hemodialysis Center between January 2017 and February 2020. Data collected from a software for medical records, which records anthropometry, biochemistry, dietetics and clinical. It excluded cancer patients, pregnant women, with incomplete history. The Pearson correlation coefficient test was used to measure the relationship between nutritional status and chronic kidney disease in advanced stages with hemodialysis. Results: Statistical analysis determined the evolution of nutritional status for 3 years, relating variables nutritional status and chronic kidney disease in advanced stages with hemodialysis, associated with age, sex, residence and socioeconomic situation, comparing initial nutritional status, which on average was 25.63 kg. /m2, with a final average of 24.95 kg/m2. Conclusions: It was found that kidney disease occurs regardless of age, with a predominant male sex, indifferent socioeconomic situation. There was no positive relationship between biochemistry and anthropometry. Four of six observed parameters presented improvement, therefore, there was a positive evolution of health within their condition.