Caracterización de los accidentes por trasporte terrestre registrados en la Agencia Nacional de Tránsito del Ecuador, periodo 2019-2020

Abstract

Background: Traffic accidents are a global public health problem due to the high morbidity and mortality indicators. Objective: Describe the main characteristics of land transport accidents in Ecuador, registered in the National Traffic Agency (ANT) in 2019-2020. Methodology: Observational, descriptive, ecological, retrospective study with a quantitative approach. The unit of analysis consisted of an open access database of the ANT with records of traffic accidents that occurred between January 2019 and December 2020, a registration form was brought as an instrument with the variables of interest prepared in Microsoft Excel®. Results: 64.9% and 66% of the accidents occurred in the urban area in 2019 and 2020, respectively. The monthly average of accidents was 2,050 in 2019 and 1,414 in 2020. The mortality rate due to traffic accidents ranged between 9 and 12 deaths per 100,000 people. The most common type of accident registered was the crash with 18,775 cases, while the most frequent cause was the recklessness and inexperience of the driver with 19,423 accidents, surpassing the consumption of alcohol and drugs that added a total of 3,122 cases in the two years analyzed. Conclusion: Accident rates in Ecuador have increased steadily over the years, however, between March and September 2020 there is a decrease in traffic accidents