Germinación de semillas y propagación asexual de tres especies forestales nativas del Bosque Protector Yanuncay – Irquis, provincia del Azuay

Abstract

Saracha quitensis, Barnadesia arborea and Solanum asperolanatum are native forest species that have not been fully studied in some countries where they grow naturally. The environmental requirements, propagation and adaptation systems of these species are unknown. However, they are species with a high potential for reforestation in riparian forests as they are used for active ecological restoration practices. The conservation status of these species is compromised due to the indiscriminate felling of forests and the sequential, systematic and progressive anthropic destruction of their natural habitats, where the agricultural frontier is one of the main causes. The objective of this research was to evaluate the different methods of sexual and asexual propagation of native species. The germination of mature and semi-mature seeds obtained statistically significant results for the species factor (p = 0,0025) with a germination percentage of 52% for Solanum asperolanatum, unlike Saracha quitensis, which presented lower values of 26,5%. Considering the interaction species and physiological state, germination was higher in Solanum asperolanatum with semiripe seeds with 54%, unlike Saracha quitensis that presented 24% with semi-mature seeds. Regarding the asexual propagation of the three native species, which were subjected to three seizure treatments, survival was significantly higher in the Species factor (p < 0,0001) in Solanum asperolanatum with 26,12%, unlike Barnadesia tree that presented the lowest values with 8,89%. Regarding the interaction between the species with bioregulators, Solanum asperolanatum with AIB indobutyl acid obtained higher values with 28,35%.