Revisión bibliográfica de los polimorfismos genéticos relacionados con el consumo de alcohol

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine the polymorphisms related to alcohol consumption through the connection between polymorphism, affected pathway and manifestation, found in the bibliographic review in order to establish its clinical and social importance in the prevention, prognosis, diagnosis and intervention in affected people. by alcohol consumption. Methodology: It is a bibliographic review study, where the PICO methodology was applied to formulate the research question. An advanced search of available academic articles was carried out in the databases of: Scielo, Scopus, WorldWideScience and Ebsco; using keywords to limit their search, while limiting the search with MESH and DeCS descriptors; determining the period of investigation from the year 2011 to 2021. Using the "Rayyan QCRI" software, a filtering of the articles obtained was carried out, finally, we proceeded to filter by reviewing the content by reading the title, abstract and results of the investigation, obtaining a total of 142 valid articles. Thus, we proceeded to extract the information of interest from each article, organizing it within a table detailing the polymorphism, the gene, the ethnic group, clinical manifestation, the notation of the gene to be annotated according to the denominations: HGNC (Genetic Nomenclature Committee), the NCBI (Global Nomenclature of the Gene); ENSG (National School of Geographic Sciences) and OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man) for global use. Results: it is presented as a graph in which it is evident that the ADH1B gene (alcohol dehydrogenase 1B) with its polymorphism ADH1B*2 rs1229984 G/A, clinically triggers problems of alcoholism or alcohol dependence, providing the corresponding conclusions according to the objectives set at the beginning of this work