Prevalencia de bacteriuria asintomática y factores asociados en embarazadas de la consulta externa de Ginecología y Obstetricia, Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga, Cuenca 2010

Abstract

Objective. To determine the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria (AB) and its associated factors in pregnant women attending the consultation of gynaecology and obstetrics of the Hospital José Carrasco of the Ecuadorian Institute of Social Security. Methodology. 595 pregnant without co-morbidity and asymptomatic patients who carried out an elementary and microscopic test of urine to detect the presence or not of bacteria were included with a cross and a random sample design. By reason of prevalence estimated the factors associated with bacteriuria: age, gestational age, education, personal hygiene and gynaecology and obstetric history. Results. Found a prevalence of 19.2% of AB in a population of pregnant characterized by an average age of 27.8 ± 5.7 years (range 15-43 years) with a 71.3% of married with 57.6% have completed secondary education-88.4% residing in urban areas. A percentile distribution gave us a median of deliveries, Caesarean section and abortions of 0 to the maximum values of 3, 2 and 1, respectively, above the 95 percentile. Median pregnancies was 1 between a minimum of 1 (P5) and a maximum of 5 (P95). A logistic regression analysis found that the factors associated with the BA were: personal hygiene (< 4 showers weekly) [OR 45.7 (CI 95%: 1.63-1278,6)], age of up to 20 years OR 4,06,7 (CI 95%: 0.3-41.3), primary school [OR 2.81 (CI 95%: 0.42-18.8)], 1-2 births [OR 2.13 (CI 95%: 0.15-30.1)], more than 3 pregnancies [OR 1.45 (CI 95%: 0.15 - 14,02)] and over 2 abortions [OR 1.2 (CI 95%: 0.07-18.9)]. Only the association with personal hygiene was significant (P = 0,024). Discussion. BA prevalence was higher than that reported in the medical literature. Multiple studied factors, some included in our study had an association similar to the reported in other studies where the social and cultural conditions seem to play a key role.