Perfil epidemiológico y clínico de soporte nutricional en pacientes menores de 16 años ingresados en el departamento de Pediatría del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso enero – noviembre 2020

Abstract

Background: Nutritional support is an important therapeutic strategy in both hospitalized and critically ill pediatric patients. General objective: To determine the epidemiological and clinical profile of nutritional support in patients under 16 years of age admitted to the pediatric department of the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital in the January-November 2020 period. Methodology: This research is descriptive, quantitative, it was carried out in 105 patients admitted to the pediatric department of the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital, who required nutritional support and who met the inclusion criteria. The information was obtained through a survey and review of the medical history and the data entered in a form. The data were tabulated and analyzed in the SPSS program. 18. Descriptive analysis was carried out. Results: Younger infants (43.8%), female sex (60%) predominated in the study group; respiratory pathology was the most frequent (38%) followed by neurological (11.4%); the most frequent comorbidity was genetic diseases (7.6%); 31.4% presented malnutrition, predominantly severe malnutrition (16.2%); 86.6% of the patients received enteral nutrition, and 13.3% parenteral nutrition. The formula was used in 50% of the patients who required enteral nutrition; in 61.15 of the patients, feeding was started in the first 72 hours. Enteral nutrition was more frequent in young infants (22.8%), parenteral nutrition was more frequent in adolescents. Conclusion: The most frequent nutritional support was enteral, predominantly in young infants, with adequate initial caloric intake.