Estado nutricional y asociación con actividad física en adultos mayores de la Provincia del Azuay, 2020

Abstract

Background: The increase in older adults worldwide increases the incidence of mortality and morbidity associated with lack of physical activity and poor nutritional status. Objective: To determine the nutritional status and its association with the level of physical activity in older adults in the province of Azuay, 2020. Method: Retrospective cross-sectional analytical study with anthropometry, physical activity questionnaire and Mini nutritional assessment (MNA) applied to 400 older adults (AM), with prior signing of the informed consent. The data were analyzed in the SPSS v.15.0 program, descriptive statistics were used such as frequency and percentage, mean, standard deviation and Odds Ratio with a 95% confidence interval and for statistical significance, (chi) ^ 2 with its p value. Results: Malnutrition according to BMI was 59.6%, predominating overweight with 30.8%; 33.2% of these presented low physical activity; there was a significant association between malnutrition according to BMI and low physical activity with men (p = 0.013), manual work (p = 0.004); association of overweight with low physical activity and manual work (p = 0.019); obesity associated with low physical activity and age between 75 to 84 years (p = 0.028), male (p = 0.029), low education (p = 0.029), manual work (p = 0.002); According to MNA, malnutrition was found in 39.5% of these, 42.4% had low physical activity; relationship between malnutrition and low physical activity in ≥ 85 years (p = 0.000), male (p = 0.000), with partner (p = 0.000), low education (p = 0.000), rural resident (p = 0.00), manual work (p = 0.000). Conclusion: Malnutrition existed in most of the MA according to BMI and MNA, in addition to a statistically significant association between these and low physical activity.