Prevalencia y factores asociados a insuficiencia cardiaca en adultos mayores. Hospital Homero Castanier Crespo, 2015-2019.

Abstract

Introduction: Heart failure is a cardiovascular disorder, the result of the deterioration of the ventricular function of the heart, caused by various factors such as advanced age, arterial hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, valvular heart disease, arrhythmias, obesity and smoking. Objective: To determine the prevalence and factors associated with heart failure according to echocardiography in older adults treated at the Homero Castanier Crespo Hospital, period 2015-2019. Materials and methods: A descriptive study was carried out in a population of 311 patients. The data were obtained from the clinical records and echocardiographic reports, later analyzed with the SPSS version 20 software. Results: Of the population studied, 51.5% were men, the mean age was 77.1 years (SD 8.1). Prevalence of Heart Failure was 39.3%. A positive association was found with age ≥ 85 years with OR 1.2, 95% CI (1.0-1.5) and p-value 0.010; HT with OR 10 95% CI (5.7-17.5) and p value 0.000; AMI with OR 1.9 95% CI (1.4-2.6) and p-value 0.001; DM2 with OR 1.3 95% CI (1.1-1.6) and p-value 0.001; Arrhythmias with RR 2.5 95% CI (2.0-3.1) and p value 0.000; Moderate tobacco consumption with RR 1.4 95% CI (1.1-1.6) and p-value 0.002. Conclusions: The prevalence of heart failure was 39.3% and had a positive association with age ≥ 85 years, hypertension, AMI, DM2, arrhythmias and with moderate and intense tobacco consumption.