Factores de riesgo y características clínicas de pacientes con linfoma no Hodgkin difuso de células B grandes. Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga. Cuenca. 2015-2019

Abstract

Background: non-Hodgkin lymphoma is a tumor that occurs as a result of a DNA alteration on a lymphocyte, these cells proliferate forming tumor masses. The clinical presentation is variable and depends on the location. Objective: to determine the risk factors and clinical characteristics of patients with diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma at Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga. Cuenca, 2015-2019. Method: descriptive, quantitative and cross-sectional study in 101 patients diagnosed histopathologically with diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The data was collected from the medical records and transcribed to the database. The results are presented with frequencies and percentages. Results: 54,5% were men and the age group with the highest incidence of cases was ≥65 years. The most common risk factors are family history of cancer (45%), presence of H. pylori (30%) and exposure to chemicals (29,9%). The symptom B with the highest frequency of presentation was weight loss with 62,4%. The most common clinical presentation was lymphadenopathy with 25,7%, followed by abdominal pain with 23,8%. The most common location was the lymph node with 57,4% and the most frequent clinical stage at the time of diagnosis was III B with 25,8%. Conclusions: DLBCL was diagnosed more in men, in ages ≥65 years, in lymph node location and in late stages. The risk factors and clinical presentation found are similar to those presented in other bibliographies