Prevalencia de depresión, ansiedad, estrés y factores asociados en estudiantes de medicina de la Universidad de Cuenca en el año 2020-2021

Abstract

Depression, anxiety, and stress are common mental health problems in the general population, including college students. Thus, medical students can develop up to 64% stress. Objective To determine the prevalence of Depression, Anxiety, Stress and associated factors in Medicine students of the University of Cuenca in the year 2020-2021. Methodology Cross-sectional analytical study, in a sample of 291 students, obtained by: universe 1200, prevalence 48.3%, confidence level 95%, acceptable error 5%, randomly selected from 1st to 10th cycle, a random sampling of the enrolled students was carried out using the www.randomization.com program, it should be noted that the researchers did not intervene during the process. For the sociodemographic variables, a form was used and for the measurement of depression, anxiety and stress, the DASS-21 scale. The information was executed using the IBM SPSS V20 program; tables were created that showed the final results. To determine the association of the studied factors, the OR with its 95% CI and the p value were obtained using the chi square. Results The prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress in medical students was 27.80%, 46.40% and 35.10% respectively. It was evidenced that participants with a history of respiratory disease more frequently develop depression (35.7%), anxiety (20%) and stress (33.3%). There is a statistically significant association between: sex with anxiety (p value 0.020) and stress (p value 0.024). Conclusion The factors that influenced the increase in the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress were being a woman, being over 25 years old, taking the first five cycles and having a personal pathological history of respiratory disease. Singles presented higher anxiety, unlike married, widowed and in common union, who showed high percentages of depression and stress