Trauma ocular en Latinoamérica: epidemiologia, factores asociados y tratamientos

Abstract

Background. Ocular trauma poses a significant global health problem, being, in some series, the main cause of monocular blindness, ocular trauma, its resulting visual and economic loss, represent a considerable problem for both developed and developing countries; The incidence of ocular trauma has been estimated at 3 per 100,000 people. Objetive. Analyze the literature on epidemiology, associated factors and treatments of ocular trauma in Latin America. Method. A bibliographic review of original scientific articles, systematic reviews and gray literature corresponding to the last five years in Spanish and English; and, structured in qualified search engines such as: documents and databases of the virtual libraries Dynamed, Cochrane Plus, Medline, Dynamed, Lilacs, Cinalh, Elsevier and ProQuest. Results: 43 articles were included based on the specific objectives. Conclusions: Ocular trauma is more common in men, in productive age, especially closed trauma; the causes in adults are traffic accidents, work injuries, and sports and games in children; the treatments used are individual that include drugs and surgical resolution.