Gestión de carga de vehículos eléctricos a partir de dinámicas indeseadas en generación solar fotovoltaica

Abstract

Energy generation systems from the use of solar resources constitute an alternative to help mitigate the problem of climate change, but their integration into the distribution networks causes problems in the energy quality and the stability of the network, as a consequence of its intermittent nature, which causes rapid variations in the output power of the photovoltaic modules to occur. The fluctuations produced cannot be controlled from their generation, so it is necessary to combine these systems with energy storage technologies, which help to reduce them. For this reason, the present work was oriented to the development of a simulation model of an energy management system, which controls the charging process of the electric vehicle, based on the dynamics of photovoltaic generation. At the meteorological station of the Micro Networks laboratory of the University of Cuenca, located on the Balsay campus, the dynamic behavior of PV power generation was studied in 1s intervals, for an analysis period from 6:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m., for 30 days. ; Based on the results obtained, the power ramp control strategy was applied, for a day with high variations and another with average variations; then the load management models for electric vehicles were designed in two scenarios: a single vehicle and more than one vehicle connected in the Common Connection Point (PCC). The results showed that the dynamic behavior of the photovoltaic generation in the study area presents rapid power fluctuations in very short moments, reaching an average variation of 7,20 𝑘𝑊 𝑚𝑖𝑛 ⁄ and a coefficient of variability of 32.09%, in the month of September 2020; The application of the power ramp control algorithm, for the two conditions, showed that the integration of a single electric vehicle in the PCC is not enough to reduce all the photovoltaic fluctuations, while by increasing the number of vehicles the level of variations is mostly reduced. It is concluded that it is possible to integrate electric vehicle charging stations into photovoltaic solar energy generation systems, to reduce the impacts of this technology on the electric power supply network.