Prevalencia de patología tiroidea en la Clínica La Paz, en el periodo enero-diciembre 2018

Abstract

Background: Thyroid pathology is the most frequent in clinical practice, thanks to the use of ultrasound, it has been possible to detect small, single or multiple thyroid lesions in which it is necessary to rule out malignancy through fine needle puncture-aspiration (FNA), which has demonstrated to be a safe, fast, accurate and economical diagnostic method. Objective: To determine the prevalence of thyroid pathology diagnosed by ultrasound at "Clínica La Paz" during the period January-December 2018. Material and Method: A retrospective, descriptive study of 253 medical records of patients who underwent a thyroid ultrasound study was carried out, of which 239 were used for research. The results were tabulated in the SPSS v-25 statistical program; they were analyzed and presented in tables according to frequency, percentage and ultrasound characteristics. Results: The prevalence of thyroid disease occurs more in women (84.5%), being frequent in patients with 61 years of age and older (33.9%), a total of 223 cases corresponding to nodular-type diseases, based on the IT classification. –RADS, the majority (64,5%) are located in a TI-RADS 4. Furthermore, according to characteristics such as vascularity, this is absent in 38.5% of cases, the edges of the pathologies were mostly regular (54.4%), on the other hand, the size of the lesions ranges from 6-10mm with 29.7% being located mostly in the right thyroid lobe (61.5%). Finally, the data obtained in cytology reflects that 69.5% are equivalent to pathologies with a negative result for malignancy, the 15% are suspected of malignancy and 15.5% were insufficient samples.