Prevalencia y factores asociados a las complicaciones del injerto de piel en el Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga. Cuenca, periodo 2016 - 2019

Abstract

Background: Skin grafts are common procedures for patients who require it for various reasons. The prevalence of graft complications and associated factors in our environment is still unknown. Objective: To determine the prevalence and factors associated with post-surgical complications in patients undergoing skin grafts, at the José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital, during the period January 2016 to June 2019. Method and materials: This is a cross-sectional analytical study. The sample consisted of 231 medical records of patients undergoing skin grafts. The data were collected using a form designed by the author and tabulated in the SPSS 15 software. The descriptive statistics were carried out with the measures of centralization (mean) and dispersion (DS). The associated factors were analyzed with OR, 95% CI and the value of Chi2; The hypothesis was accepted with the value of p <0.05. Expected results: The prevalence of complications was 9.5%, with the infection being the most frequent (4.3%). The hospital stays greater than 30 days was found as a factor associated with skin graft complications (OR 6.8; 95% CI 2.4-19.05; p 0.000). In contrast, there was no association or statistical significance with age over 60 years (OR 0.4; 95% CI 0.12 - 1.51; p 0.18); surgical time greater than 120 min (OR 0.7; 95% CI 0.09 - 5.76; p 0.75); and skin graft placed in lower limbs (OR 0,6; 95% CI 0,24 - 1,51; p 0,28) but, in addition there was association but no significance with malnutrition (OR 1.9; IC95 % 0.71 - 5.05; p 0.19). and grafted body surface greater than 15% (OR 2,3; 95% CI 0.62 - 9.09; p 0.19). Conclusions: The complication of the skin graft in the José Carrasco Arteaga hospital was less than what was reported in the literature, and the associated factor was the hospital stay longer than 30 days.