Optimización de los procesos de coagulación, floculación y cloración en la Junta Administradora de Agua Potable Regional Bayas

Abstract

This project was carried out in the Junta Administradora de Agua Potable Regional de Bayas, located in the Aurelio Bayas parish, belonging to the city of Azogues. The Junta de Bayas implemented a conventional potabilization system, specifically the construction of a horizontal flow flocculator and a high rate sedimentator, which came into operation in October 2018. In this work, the coagulation and flocculation process was optimized, for which it was necessary to know the correct dose of aluminum sulfate and polymer that must be added to the raw water. In order to do this, it was necessary to obtain the retention times by testing tracers so that a saturated solution of sodium chloride was used and the reading with a conductivity meter. Once the retention times were obtained, the jug test was carried out. Tests were carried out during the months of December, January and February, the latter being the month in which the greatest variation in turbidity and colour was registered due to the rainy season. All this with the purpose of the water that is distributed to the parish Bayas meets the standards indicated in the NORMA INEN 1108. Another scope of this work consisted of elaborating a proposal for the use of chlorine gas instead of the calcium hypochlorite currently used. These adjustments, the linking project maintained by the Junta de Agua Potable de Bayas with the Facultad de Ciencias Químicas.