Prevalencia de complicaciones hiperglucémicas agudas en diabéticos tipo 2 y factores asociados. Servicio de emergencia del Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga. Cuenca, 2017.

Abstract

Background: Acute hyperglycaemic complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are a frequent cause of emergency consultation. Due to the increase in the incidence of this disease, emergency personnel are increasingly faced with these complications, within this study we will take into account diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state, mixed state and normoosmolar hyperglycemia ketócica.

Method and materials: An observational, analytical, cross-sectional study was carried out. The entire population was taken, 530 patients with diabetes mellitus type 2, who came to emergency José Carreras Arteaga hospital and classified in the presence or absence of hyperglycemia. The data were processed with the statistical program SPSS v 21. The hypothesis test was performed with: RP, IC95% and p-value <0.05.

Results: The prevalence of hyperglycemic complications was 40%, showing a difference between age groups (0.00) and instruction (0.00). Regarding associated factors, not adhering to the pharmacological treatment (PR: 4.74, CI: 3.64 - 6.16, p: 0.00) and the infectious cause (RP: 1.2, CI: 1.0 - 1.53, p: 0.04) presented a relation to the presence of acute hyperglycemic complication.

Conclusions: The prevalence of acute hyperglycemic complications was 40%. The type of treatment is not an associated factor in the presence of acute hyperglycaemic complication, but if the adherence to it. Before a patient with infection always be alert to the presence of acute hyperglycemic complication.