Posición del hueso hioides en pacientes con mordida abierta

Abstract

Objective: Evaluate the position of hyoid bone in patients with open bite, by cephalometric tracing of the hyoid triangle proposed by Rocabado, Bibby and Preston. Materials and method: In this study 32 digital lateral cephalic radiographs were analyzed, these were obtained from a dental center in the city of Cuenca, corresponding to individuals of both sexes, between 5 and 26 years of age. The radiographs were analyzed by the Nemoceph NX program, where the anteroposterior and vertical position of the hyoid bone was determined by the cephalometric tracing of the hyoid triangle proposed by Rocabado, Bibby and Preston, with the chin, the third cervical vertebra and the hyoid bone that were used to make such a layout. The concordance index (ICC = 0.95) was obtained. Results: An anterosuperior position of the hyoid bone was observed in individuals with an open bite, with a positive hyoid triangle, but not always, since in some of the cases a negative hyoid triangle was present. There were statistically significant differences between men and women with respect to the vertical position of the hyoid bone, this position varied in the different age groups, with a higher position in a lower age range and decreasing as age progressed. Conclusions: The position of the hyoid bone in patients with open bite has an anterosuperior tendency, influenced by sex and age. In the present study, most patients presented a positive hyoid triangle (59.4%), but not in all cases, since they also presented a negative hyoid triangle (40.6%).