Prevalencia de Klebsiella productor de Carbapenemasas y factores asociados, en el Servicio de Neonatología del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, Cuenca Noviembre 2014 – Diciembre 2016

Abstract

The frequency of infections caused by Betalactamasa-producing bacteria has increased during these years, in Latin America figures of over 32% and 58% were reported for E. coli and K. pneumoniae respectively. Epidemic outbreaks have been published, and our hospital facilities have not been the exception, causing neonatal sepsis being a common cause of morbidity and mortality. Objective: To determine the prevalence of Klebsiella Carbapenemase Producer and the associated factors, in the Neonatology Service of the Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, Cuenca November 2014 - December 2016. Methodology: Transversal Analytical type study through the database of the area of Neonatology of the Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, through the review of Clinical Histories in patients admitted to the Neonatology Service. The information collected was tabulated and analyzed using the SPSS V.24 program. Finally, to determine the type of association, the Prevalence Ratio (PR) and its 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI) were estimated with their respective tables. Results: 320 clinical histories were tested and screened for Klebsiella Carbapenemasa Producer (KPC). The frequency of KPC was higher in women in relation to men, in preterm infants compared to nonpreterm children (21.8%). In relation to the clinical history, the prevalence of KPC was higher when there was a history of surgeries (58.8%), mechanical ventilation (44.0%), central venous catheter application (54.5%), use of a catheter percutaneous (60.5%), use of umbilical catheter (41.0%) and presence of drainages (50.0%), that when the antecedent did not exist. Conclusions: A risk association was established for prematurity, low weight, history of surgeries, history of mechanical ventilation, use of percutaneous catheter, prolonged hospital stays of 15 days or more and previous use of corticosteroids with the presence of KPC in the Neonatology service. . On the other hand, a protective association was determined between the application of medical procedures such as oxygen therapy, salinopheresis, transfusions, venipuncture, etc.